Khargone has a rich history spanning nearly two millennia, shaped by successive dynasties and empires that left lasting imprints on the region's culture, architecture, and governance.
Ancient Period
The earliest known rulers of this region were the Haihayas of Mahishmati, who governed from the banks of the Narmada River around the 2nd century CE. Their kingdom, centered on the ancient city of Mahishmati (present-day Maheshwar), was one of the most prominent in central India.
Paramara Dynasty (9th – 12th Century)
The Parmar (Paramara) kings of Dhar controlled the Nimar region from the 9th through the 12th centuries. Under their patronage, the region saw advancements in arts, literature, and temple construction.
Sultanate & Mughal Era
In 1531, Gujarat Sultan Bahadur Shah brought the area under his control. By 1562, Emperor Akbar annexed the territory along with Malwa into the Mughal Empire.
Maratha Period
In 1740, the Marathas under the Peshwa wrested the area from Mughal control. By 1778, the Peshwa distributed the territory among the Holkars of Indore, the Scindias of Gwalior, and the Ponwars of Dhar.
The most celebrated ruler was Rajmata Ahilya Devi Holkar, who ruled from Maheshwar between 1767 and 1795. She is revered for building temples, ghats, dharamshalas, and public works across the region.
Modern Era
On November 1, 1956, West Nimar District became part of Madhya Pradesh. On May 25, 1998, West Nimar was bifurcated into present-day Khargone and Barwani districts. In 2016, Khargone was selected under India's Smart Cities Mission.